ICEBOOST is a gradient boosted decision tree model. It averages equally the predictions from XGBoost and CatBoost. Both are trained independently for regression, using a l2 loss, and optimized globally.

ICEBOOST v2.0 model is presented in Scientific Data: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-026-07744-9

ICEBOOST v1.1 model is presented in Geoscientific Model Development: https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/2545/2025/

MODEL DOMAIN

The model runs on all glaciers defined in the Randolph Glacier Inventory [Pfeffer and The Randolph Consortium, 2017]. The model is trained on version v.62, which includes ice bodies with direct connection to the ice sheets. The model can be deployed on v. 62 or the most recent v. 70.

MODEL INPUTS

• TanDEM-X - Edited Digital Elevation Model (EDEM) - Global, 30m from DLR [González et al. 2021], Website
• Surface ice velocity:
  • Glaciers: optical and SAR-derived map from [Millan et al 2022]
  • Greenland: multi-year InSAR, SAR and Landsat8-derived, from [Joughin et al 2016]
  • Antarctica: SAR phase-derived from [Mouginot et al 2019]
• Temperature above 2 meter: combined ERA5 0.25° [Hersbach et al 2020] and ERA5-Land 0.1°, [Muñoz-Sabater et al 2021]
• Glacier-integrated mass balance from [Hugonnet et al. 2021]
• Glacier spatially-distributed mass balance
  • Glaciers outside the ice sheets: method described in the paper [Maffezzoli et al. 2025]
  • Glaciers inside the ice sheets: from RACMO2 (Greenland, 1km from [Noël and van Kampenhout, 2019]; Antarctica, 2km from [Noël et al., 2023])
• Coastlines from the Global Self-consistent Hierarchical, High-resolution Geography Database (GSHHG), from Wessel P. Walter H. F. Smith, [Website]

TRAINING DATA

• GlaThiDa v. 3.1.0 [Welty et al. 2020]
• Ruth Glacier [Tober et al., 2024] + IceBridge Alaska [Tober et al., 2025]
• Patagonia icefields [Millan et al. 2019, Fürst et al., 2025]
• Jostedalsbreen ice cap [Gillespie et al., 2024]
• IceBridge surveys over Greenland, Canadian Arctic, Svalbard and Antarctica [IceBridge MCoRDS L2 Ice Thickness, Version 1]
• Antarctic Peninsula [CReSIS data]